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Teamwork
- What are work teams?
- What are the differences between a workgroup and a work team?
- Historical perspective of work teams
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What are work teams?
Work teams are business units that are made up of a collection of individuals who work interdependently, sharing responsibilities in tasks and outcomes as an intact business unit. Work team members manage relationships within or across boundaries of an organization, and or across external organizations.
What are the differences between a workgroup and a work team?
Work teams are differentiated from workgroups. A work team can be described as well rounded, innovative, and comprised of members who worked interdependently, shared responsibilities in tasks and outcomes. Work team members are mutually committed to the goals of the team and to each other. Compared to a work team, a workgroup is a collection of individuals who work independently, are persuasive, and who networked. Workgroup members coordinate their individual efforts with the common goal of the group.
Historical perspective of work teams
Historically, work teams have been the cornerstone of organizational development since the early 1970s. Work teams evolved a social phenomenon from the studies and observations of training groups or T-Groups. T-groups had early influences on mainstream management practices in diversity training and 360-degree feedback techniques (Burnes & Cooke 2012; Highhouse, 2002; Leonard & Freedman, 2000; Lewin, 1997). It was T-groups that provided the catalyst for transformation to work teams, driven by the general systems theory of social collectives (social exchange). General systems theory proposed complex systems shared basic organizing concepts and principles regardless of purposes, and are broadly applicable as opposed to a single knowledge domain (Mele, Pels & Polese, 2010). In short, it is about wholeness that can be summed up as the whole is more than the sum of its parts, which is the core essence of teamwork.
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